Based on the description on the AR page for those cables, the terms ‘balanced line audio’ and ‘signal path’ directionality are related to the construction and proper installation to take best advantage of the construction.

Make no mistake, the connection with these cables is unbalanced to unbalanced. The cable markings don’t say ‘balanced audio’, but ‘balanced line audio’. In this type of construction, instead of a single insulated wire inside shielding, there are two insulated wires inside the shielding. The two internal wires complete the path for the audio signal current, one internal wire connected to the pin of the RCA connectors at both ends, the other connected to the sleeve of the connectors at both ends. The shielding, however, does not conduct audio signal current end-to-end as the inner conductors do, but may only be connected at one end as a ‘drain’ for any voltage/current created by electrical fields in the area of the cable. If connected at both ends, the shield is severed near one end, perhaps inside the plastic AR case near one end of the cable, where the cable may also pass through a short ferrite tube.

The signal path direction is important because that will determine whether the shield ‘drain’ ends up connected to the signal source output or the signal destination input.